Abrading-surface.



E. F. SMITH.

ABRADING SUB-PAGE.

AYPLIOATION FILED APR. 25, 1907. RENEWED AUG. B. llO.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

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Enwam) 1*; SMITH, or noenns'rnn, NEW YORK.

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-' Specification of Letters Patent.

'WJ-. I Application filed April 25, 1907, Serial No. 370,802. Renewed August 8, 1910. Serial Ito. 576,391,

To all whom 'it may concern: 1

Be it known that T, Enwann F. SMITH, acitizen-of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe; and State of New York, have invented certain new and-useful Improvements in Ahradingsurfaces of which the followingis a spcci fication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to, an improved abradin surface, and is more particularly intended for use in implements or machines used for peeling or 'rating vegetables, etc., though it is adapted For and capable of being used for grinding or polishing purposes of various kinds.

I am aware that abrading surfaces have heretofore been produced in which ametal is used as a base to which the, abrading material has been attached by various sub stances, such as japan, shellac, gum, sulfur, enamel, and other similar substances. Some of these adhesive substances are affected by moisture and are therefore objectionable, and their attachment of the abrading material is weak. Some of the substances. such as the enamel, and those that are similar thereto, are found in practice to be open to the objection that any im ierfect cleaning of the metal base to be coate will make a weak adhesive of the enamel, or similar material, even when fused under the ordinary recess of fusing enamel to metals, or else sue coatngs bein thin, often become cracked and separate mm the metal by reason of a blow or knock. In this instance, the enamel or other substance used to attach the'abrading material to the metal base, is even after the fusing process, a layer upon and separate from the metal, due principally from the fact that the metal is non-porous (so far as the fusing process is concerned) with the result thatas stated, the finished product is a metallic base with an adhesive substance practically separate from the metal. In the case of those adhesives which are affected by moisture, the abrading material is not adapted to be used u on wet or moist substances, and are even a ccted by the moisture from the atmosphere which penetrates between the adhesive and the metal, and causes the abrasive surface to blister and separate from thc'metal.

The object of my invention is to produce an abrasive surface not sub'cct to the above mentioned objections, and t is I accomplish ware, or other clav products, which are intheir unglazed condition, of a marked porous nature, and to attach the-abrasive material I) to this base of earthenware or clay product by a suitable adhesive 0. Owin to the porous nature of the clay product bas'e, the adhesive in the fusing process enters intimately into the pores of the base, so that the, adhesive, which carries the abrading'material, (such as flint, carborundum, or other abrasive substance) is so permanently attached as not to be open to the objections heretofore noted. Furthermore, owing to the nature of the clay product, it is notnccessa'rv that it be clean'to theextent and carefulness that is required when a metal base is used.

While the' base of a clay product is advantageous over a metal base, with any kind of adhesive material for attaching the abra-.

sive, ct a still further improvement is effected, I- find, by using an enamel or glaze which are-of the same general nature as the stone-ware itself, as they are derived generally from the same clay, feldspar,'-fluorsp'ar, etc, and therefore when subjected to the application'of heat, such as'is used generally in (glazing such ware, the base, the enamel an the abrasive will fuse into one homogeneous mass.

The preferred enamel or laze just mentioned is that ordinarily used for the glazing of stone-ware, the basis of which is, clay, feldspar, flour-spar, flint, glass, boracic acid, oxids, etc.

In producing the improved abrading.

roduct, thebase is first cleaned and may either burned or unburned and the enamel or glaze then applied thereto, either with or without the use of some intermediate material, such as gum-tragacanth, and

Patented Oct. 25,- 1910.

the abrasive material then a plied, after which the product is subjecte to the heat- -fusing process, the heat var ing accordin to the mixture of the ename orglaze, an the component parts of the base.

As previously stated, this improved abrading product or surface is especiall intended 'sisting of a porous base, a plastic fusible adhesive entering the pores of said base and covering its surface, and an abradant mixed in and carried by said adhesive, the adhesive and ab'radant material united to the porous base by fusion.

2. An improved vegetable abrading surface consisting of an earthenware base, a

plastic fusible adhesive and an abradant material mixed together and covering the earthenware base, the mixture permanently attached thereto by fusing the base and adhesive together to prevent the abradant from detaching and mixing with the vegetables.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD F. SMITH. \Vitncsses:

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